Episode 2

Ideologies

56:14 November 15, 2026
Ideologies explores the ideas and ideals that drove the actions of the anti-apartheid movement. Activists across Canada came to the movement with different world views, different analyses and, indeed, different visions of what a free South Africa would look like. These differing ideologies were the result of personal histories, as well as regional and cultural differences. They were also born from the Cold War and from the ongoing ravages and legacies of settler colonialism in Southern Africa—and in Canada. For some activists, respect for human rights and racial equality was the road to the end of apartheid. Others were convinced that liberation would only come with the revolutionary overthrow of capitalism. And others just knew in their gut that apartheid was wrong, and wanted to do something about it.

Featuring anti-apartheid activists Charlie Angus, Jane Armstrong, David Beer, Marie-Hélène Bonin, May Chiu, Nigel Crawhall, Aziz Fall, Sam Gindin, Ole Gjerstad, Vince Greason, Joanne, Amy Kaler, Ken Luckhardt, Doug Miller, Anne Mitchell, Dan O'Meara, Carol Phillips, Joe Pillay, Gwen Schulman, Jim Sinclair, Suzanne Smythe, Rose Marie Whalley, and Marian White.

November 16th, 2026

Credits

Voices in this episode:
Charlie Angus · Jane Armstrong · David Beer · Marie-Hélène Bonin · May Chiu · Nigel Crawhall · Aziz Fall · Sam Gindin · Ole Gjerstad · Vince Greason · Joanne* · Amy Kaler · Ken Luckhardt · Doug Miller · Anne Mitchell · Dan O'Meara · Carol Phillips · Joe Pillay · Gwen Schulman · Jim Sinclair · Suzanne Smythe · Rose Marie Whalley · Marian White

Produced by Pierre Loiselle, Gwen Schulman, Doug Miller and the Amandla! Radio Collective at CKUT 90.3 FM in Montreal.

Content consultants: Amy Kaler, Dan O'Meara, Andrew Schofield and Suzanne Smythe.
Original musical score and voice direction: Chimwemwe Miller.
Narration: Thato Molete.
Additional narration: Chimwemwe Miller and Sophie Toupin.

Photo: Delegates gather at the historic Congress of the People in Kliptown, South Africa, on June 26, 1955 where the Freedom Charter was officially adopted. (Eli Weinberg)

*Some names have been changed to protect participants' privacy.

Cite as: Small Little Foot Soldiers: A People's History of the Anti-Apartheid Movement in Canada, Episode 2, "Ideologies." Amandla! Radio Collective, CKUT 90.3 FM, 2026. Transcript.